Synapsis E-zine's

Umha BDR para comics
por Kike Benlloch Castinheira / Agosto'97

Introduçom

Quando a colecçom de comics que um tem acada determinado volume, a necessidade de levar um registo racional e cómodo converte-se de feito numha necessidade imperiosa. À hora de completar séries nom deve caber dúvida de se o número 324 do "Imperioso Home Pataca" o tens ou nom.
A muita gente dá-se-lle por desenhar programas em Pascal, C, ou VBasic para este fim. Parece umha decisom bastante absurda. Tamém se pode recorrer às bases de dados tradicionais, como DBaseIV, fazer a convencional tábua bidimensional e pôr-se a entrar dados. Pero compensa?
Tendo à mam umha ferramenta tam potente e cómoda para o manejo de grandes volumes de informaçom como o SQL, desenhar umha base de dados relacional semelha o mais ajeitado. Dito e feito. Esta pequena BDR foi desenhada para SQL-Oracle num sistema System V (concretamente Solaris). É ligeiramente probável --perdão polo chiste malo-- que nom tenhas este sistema na casa. Mas isto nom representa problema. Sei que os DBases múltiples suportam SQL e que hai outras possibilidades... pero um bom conselho é que botes mam de qualquer distribuçom Linux (Slackware, RedHat, etc...) e montes de umha vez um SO com jeito na tua máquina... e logo pilha qualquer gestor SQL para Linux (MySQL, MiniSQL, Postgress, Solid, ...).

Esquema entidade-relaçom

O esquema entidade-relaçom feito a todo correr e em plam Q3~caseiro,

pero para o caso bem val.


Criaçom e descriçom das tábuas

REM ----------- Comic-Book Relational DataBase by Kike Benlloch -------------
REM Free distribution and non commercial use garanteed by the author provided 
REM the integrity of this file and the attached entity-relation chart 
REM (base.jpg) is respected. v2.0 Sep'96. Special thanks to Joey Delaro for 
REM bringing up a few thoughtful comments and pointing out eventual 
REM improvement lines. Feedback is welcomed.
REM >>>>>>>>> Contact Kike Benlloch at r200557703@abonados.cplus.es <<<<<<<<<
REM -------------------------------------------------------------------------

REM *************************************************************************


CREATE TABLE COPY       ( TITLECODE CHAR(4)    NOT NULL , 
                          ISHNUMBER CHAR(6)    NOT NULL , 
                          ISHDATE   DATE                , 
                          IN_STOCK  CHAR                , 
                          PRICE     NUMBER(11,5)        , 
                          DIFFER    NUMBER(9,4)         , 
                          WRITNAME  CHAR(15)            , 
                          PENCNAME  CHAR(15)            , 
                          RETACODE  CHAR(4)               
                        ) ;

REM  An attribute by the name of NO_COPIES (number of copies) should be added 
REM  to this table structure if more than one copy per issue might be present
REM  in the stock described by this database. This means that this 
REM  alternative model would be more business-oriented than it is without
REM  the presence of such NO_COPIES field. Without NO_COPIES, this is a
REM  one consultant library model. That is, given a certain period of time 
REM  only one person has full access to the library because there does not 
REM  exist a second copy of any book.

REM  IN_STOCK indicates whether a copy exists currently in the stock or not.
REM  If such information is not available, as always a NULL value should be
REM  inserted meaning that it's not known if the copy is in stock or not.

REM  DIFFER (as in DIFFERence): This figure will be positive if money was 
REM  saved by choosing cheaper editions, and it will be negative if the 
REM  copies were purchased through more expensive editions. Please note that 
REM  this is a calculation based on unaccurate, subjective observations whose 
REM  reliability depends on the purchaser's degree of experience and market 
REM  knowledge.

REM  DIFFER, PRICE and all monetary attributes in this database will be
REM  featured in quantities of Spanish legal currency. In order to 
REM  reliably translate this figures into dollars, the date ISHDATE 
REM  should be beared in mind.

REM +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

CREATE TABLE EDITS      ( SND_CODE  CHAR(4)    NOT NULL ,
                          SND_NO    CHAR(6)    NOT NULL ,
                          ORIG_CODE CHAR(4)    NOT NULL ,
                          ORIG_NO   CHAR(6)    NOT NULL 
                        ) ;

REM +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

CREATE TABLE FIRM       ( FIRMCODE  CHAR(4)    NOT NULL ,
                          FIRMNAME  CHAR(25)   NOT NULL , 
                          CONTACT   CHAR(20)            , 
                          CONTJOB   CHAR(30)            ,
                          ADDRESS   CHAR(35)            ,    
                          TOWN      CHAR(15)            ,
                          STATE     CHAR(20)            ,
                          ZIP       CHAR(13)            ,
                          POBOX     CHAR(20)            ,
                          COUNTRY   CHAR(20)            ,
                          PHONE     CHAR(15)            ,
                          WEBSITE   CHAR(40)            ,
                          EMAIL     CHAR(30)         
                        ) ;

REM +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

CREATE TABLE STUDIO     ( STUDCODE  CHAR(4)    NOT NULL ,
                          HEAD      CHAR(20)            
                        ) ;

REM  A 'studio' is a group of artists that, as an everyday habit, mutually 
REM  collaborate in the creative process of their colleagues' respective 
REM  materials. This work in common is, among equals, coordinated by one of 
REM  them. A second possibility is that the studio is run by a senior or 
REM  important artist that directs the rest of the staff. In both cases, a 
REM  HEAD of the studio exists.

REM +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

CREATE TABLE TITLE      ( TITLECODE CHAR(4)    NOT NULL ,
                          TITLENAME CHAR(35)   NOT NULL ,  
                          LABELCODE CHAR(4)    NOT NULL ,
                          STUDCODE  CHAR(4)    
                        ) ;

REM  Usually a product created by a studio is not edited by the studio itself
REM  but by a publisher, which is a business organization not exclusively
REM  formed by artistic staff (while a studio is).

REM +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

CREATE TABLE RETAILER   ( RETACODE  CHAR(4)    NOT NULL ) ;

REM  A 'retailer' is a company dedicated to selling books directly to the
REM  final purchaser (i.e. direct-market minorist firm).

REM +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

CREATE TABLE GROUPNM    ( GROUPCODE CHAR(4)    NOT NULL ) ;

REM +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

CREATE TABLE LABEL      ( LABELCODE CHAR(4)    NOT NULL ,
                          LABELNAME CHAR(30)   NOT NULL ,
                          GROUPCODE CHAR(4)    NOT NULL          
                        ) ;

REM  A 'label' is a branch of a publishing group, usually having its own
REM  name, logo and certain staff members devoted to its working process.
REM  Quite often it is really hard to decide whether a studio with a strong
REM  personality and presence within a publishing house should be considered
REM  either a studio or a label. The approximative tendency goes like this: 
REM  LABELs are the branches of publishing groups whose characters are not 
REM  creator-owned (i.e. main houses such as MARVEL and DC) while STUDIOs are
REM  the creative staff divisions of publishing groups whose characters are
REM  creator-owned (i.e. independent companies such as IMAGE). Please note
REM  that this is just a tentative approach and that there does not exist a
REM  definite line separating the concepts of STUDIO and LABEL. Nevertheless,
REM  we can always identify the concept of 'studio' as an art-oriented team
REM  and on the other hand, the concept of 'label' as a business-oriented 
REM  division.
REM       If the data structures representing labels and studios were to be
REM  compared, quite probably the most significative difference would appear
REM  to be that labels "hang" from a group name necessarily, while studios
REM  needn't. This is caused by the fact that a studio may work for several
REM  publishing groups, while a label cannot be separated from the group that
REM  it belongs to (for it is defined as a part of that group). This is also
REM  the reason why in the concept of 'regular title' (TITLE) both the 
REM  information of 'creative studio behind the title' (STUDCODE) and 'label 
REM  of a publishing group by whom the title is published' (LABELCODE) are 
REM  included separately as the different information they represent.

REM *************************************************************************

Exemplos de inserçom de dados

REM *************************************************************************

INSERT INTO GROUPNM VALUES ('DHRS');

INSERT INTO LABEL VALUES ('DHRS','DARK HORSE COMICS','DHRS');
INSERT INTO LABEL VALUES ('DHH', 'DARK HORSE HEROES','DHRS');
INSERT INTO LABEL VALUES ('LGND','LEGEND',           'DHRS');
INSERT INTO LABEL VALUES ('BLNR','BLANC NOIR',      ,'DHRS');

INSERT INTO FIRM
VALUES ('DHRS','DARK HORSE COMICS','JAMIE S. RICH','SUBMISSIONS EDITOR',
'10956 SOUTH EAST MAIN ST','MILWAUKIE','OREGON','OR 97222',NULL,'USA',NULL,
'www.dhorse.com',NULL);

REM *************************************************************************

INSERT INTO STUDIO VALUES ('CBKS','SMITH, JEFF');

INSERT INTO FIRM 
VALUES ('CBKS','CARTOON BOOKS',NULL,NULL,NULL,'COLUMBUS','OHIO','OH 43216',
'16973','USA',NULL,'www.boneville.com',NULL);

REM *************************************************************************

INSERT INTO RETAILER VALUES ('COAM');

INSERT INTO FIRM
VALUES ('COAM','COMICS AMERICA','MIKE',NULL,'#10-62 SCURFIELD BLVD','WINNIPEG',
'MANITOBA','R3Y1M5',NULL,'CANADA',NULL,NULL,'archi1@delphi.com');

REM ************************************************************************* 
                                                             
INSERT INTO TITLE VALUES ('HBWD','HELLBOY: WAKE THE DEVIL','DHRS','LGND');

REM ************************************************************************* 

INSERT INTO COPY VALUES ('ANMN','6','15-JUN-89','Y',140,NULL,'MORRISON','TRUOG','ICIA');

REM ************************************************************************* 

INSERT INTO COPY  VALUES ('SVBR','2','15-MAR-97','Y',575,NULL,'GAIMAN','THOMPSON',NULL);
INSERT INTO COPY  VALUES ('SAND','43','15-SEP-92','Y',NULL,NULL,'GAIMAN','THOMPSON',NULL);
INSERT INTO COPY  VALUES ('SAND','44','15-OCT-92','Y',NULL,NULL,'GAIMAN','THOMPSON',NULL);
INSERT INTO EDITS VALUES ('SVBR','2','SAND','43');
INSERT INTO EDITS VALUES ('SVBR','2','SAND','44');

REM ************************************************************************* 

Exemplos de consultas


REM                                **********
REM                           ********************
REM                      ******************************
REM                 ****************************************
REM            *****  QQQ   U   U EEEEE RRRR  I EEEEE  SSSS *****
REM       ********** Q   Q  U   U E     R   R I E     S     **********
REM  *************** Q   Q  U   U EEE   RRRR  I EEE    SSS  ***************
REM       ********** Q  QQ  U   U E     R  R  I E         S **********
REM            *****  QQQ Q  UUU  EEEEE R   R I EEEEE SSSS  *****
REM                 ****************************************
REM                      ******************************
REM                           ********************
REM                                **********

REM +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

REM  QUERY 1

REM  Select all data on copies, showing first the ones in stock and then the
REM  ones that are not. Order both groups by title code and number of issue.

SELECT * 
FROM COPY     
ORDER BY IN_STOCK DESC , TITLECODE , ISHNUMBER ;

REM +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

REM  QUERY 2

REM  Show the total ammount of money invested in copies that are in stock.

SELECT SUM ( PRICE ) 
FROM COPY 
WHERE IN_STOCK = 'Y' ;

REM +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

REM  QUERY 3

REM  Show the overall balance -not total- of money invested in copies that 
REM  are in stock.

SELECT SUM ( DIFFER ) 
FROM COPY 
WHERE IN_STOCK = 'Y' ;

REM +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

REM  QUERY 4

REM  Find out how many one-shot's are in the database.

SELECT COUNT ( ISHNUMBER )
FROM COPY
WHERE ISHNUMBER = '-' ;

REM +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

REM  QUERY 5

REM  Find all copies in which either creative part was a team.

SELECT *
FROM COPY
WHERE ( WRITNAME = 'SEVERAL' ) OR ( PENCNAME = 'SEVERAL' ) 
ORDER BY TITLECODE, ISHNUMBER ;

REM +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

REM  QUERY 6

REM  Find all copies whose authors will not appear 'in a first look' because
REM  each of those copies features material from different issues of an 
REM  earlier edition. In other words, we cannot associate one of those copies
REM  with one writer and one penciler because several writer/penciler teams'
REM  work may be featured in it.

SELECT *
FROM COPY
WHERE ( WRITNAME = 'CHECK _EDITS_' ) 
ORDER BY TITLECODE, ISHNUMBER ;

REM the same would be achieved by using ( PENCNAME = 'CHECK _EDITS_' ) 

REM +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

REM  QUERY 7

REM  Check that no mistake was done when typing data, in terms of each copy 
REM  being present or not in the database, or simply that information is
REM  unknown. No fourth possibility accepted.

SELECT *
FROM COPY
WHERE ( IN_STOCK <> 'Y' ) 
  AND ( IN_STOCK <> 'N' ) 
  AND ( IN_STOCK IS NOT NULL ) ;

REM +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

REM  QUERY 8

REM  Imagine that the result of the previous query was not the expected
REM  'no rows selected' and correct the mistake/s.

DELETE COPY
WHERE ( IN_STOCK <> 'Y' ) 
  AND ( IN_STOCK <> 'N' ) 
  AND ( IN_STOCK IS NOT NULL ) ;

REM +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

REM  QUERY 9

REM  List all the available titles in which one of the Kuberts has worked.

SELECT DISTINCT TITLECODE
FROM COPY
WHERE PENCNAME IN ( 'KUBERT, ADAM' , 'KUBERT, ANDY' , 'KUBERT, JOE' ) ;

REM +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

REM  QUERY 10

REM  Same query as previous, but imagine that you don't know exactly how the
REM  names are stored (either first name, last name or the other way around;
REM  includding middle name or not, etc ...)

SELECT DISTINCT TITLECODE
FROM COPY
WHERE PENCNAME LIKE '%KUBERT%' ;

REM +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

REM  QUERY 11

REM  Usually the date of entrance of a copy into the system is typed as the
REM  fifteenth of such month of such year. Check if by any reason there is
REM  any copy with a different day of the month in the database.

SELECT *
FROM COPY
WHERE ( ISHDATE NOT LIKE '15%' ) ;

REM +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

REM  QUERY 12

REM  List code and number of all issues purchased prior to February 23rd, 
REM  1988.

SELECT TITLECODE, ISHNUMBER 
FROM COPY
WHERE ( ISHDATE < '23-FEB-88' ) 
  AND ( IN_STOCK = 'Y' ) 
ORDER BY TITLECODE, ISHNUMBER ;

REM +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

REM  QUERY 13

REM  List code and number of all issues _edited_ between January and March of 
REM  1992 -both months included in the query-.

SELECT TITLECODE, ISHNUMBER 
FROM COPY
WHERE ( ISHDATE BETWEEN '15-MAR-92' AND '15-JUN-92' ) 
  AND ( IN_STOCK = 'N' ) 
ORDER BY TITLECODE, ISHNUMBER ;

REM  When a copy is part of the stock, that means that it was purchased. In
REM  that case, ISHDATE is the date of adquisition, the day in which that 
REM  copy entered the library. On the contrary, if IN_STOCK is 'N' that means
REM  that ISHDATE indicates the date in which the book was edited. Here lies
REM  the importance of IN_STOCK keeping either a 'Y' or 'N' value -but none
REM  other-: in case IN_STOCK is NULL, so should ISHDATE be, for any date
REM  contained in it would have a confusing effect on the consultant because
REM  of its lack of definition.

REM +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

REM  QUERY 14

REM  List all creative people who worked on the books detailed in the 
REM  current database.

SELECT DISTINCT WRITNAME
FROM COPY
WHERE ( WRITNAME <> 'SEVERAL' )
  AND ( WRITNAME <> 'CHECK _EDITS_' )
UNION
SELECT DISTINCT PENCNAME
FROM COPY
WHERE ( PENCNAME <> 'SEVERAL' )
  AND ( PENCNAME <> 'CHECK _EDITS_' )
ORDER BY 1 ;

REM +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

REM  QUERY 15

REM  Compare how many titles there are and how many are named differently.

SELECT 'NUMBER OF TITLES: ' , COUNT ( DISTINCT TITLECODE ) 
FROM TITLE
UNION
SELECT 'NUMBER OF TITLES NAMED DIFFERENTLY: ', COUNT ( DISTINCT TITLENAME )
FROM TITLE ;

REM +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

REM  QUERY 16

REM  Select all titles on which information is stored in the current data 
REM  base and order them by their name.

SELECT * 
FROM TITLE    
ORDER BY TITLENAME ;

REM +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

REM  QUERY 17

REM  Find all titles created and/or edited by a studio. 

SELECT *
FROM TITLE
WHERE STUDIO IS NOT NULL 
ORDER BY TITLECODE ;

REM +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

REM  QUERY 18

REM  Select all firms on which information is stored in the current data 
REM  base and order them by their name.

SELECT * 
FROM FIRM     
ORDER BY FIRMNAME ;

REM +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

REM  QUERY 19

REM  Select all studios on which information is stored in the current data 
REM  base and order them by their code.

SELECT * 
FROM STUDIO   
ORDER BY STUDCODE ;

REM +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

REM  QUERY 20

REM  Select all retailers on which information is stored in the current data 
REM  base and order them by their code.

SELECT * 
FROM RETAILER 
ORDER BY RETACODE ;

REM +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

REM  QUERY 21

REM  Select all editor groups on which information is stored in the current 
REM  data base and order them by their code.

SELECT * 
FROM GROUPNM  
ORDER BY GROUPCODE ;

REM +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

REM  QUERY 22

REM  Select all publishing firm's labels on which information is stored in  
REM  the current data base and order them by their code.

SELECT * 
FROM LABEL    
ORDER BY LABELCODE ;

REM +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

REM  QUERY 23

REM  Find out which labels the DC editors divide their titles into.

SELECT LABELNAME
FROM LABEL
WHERE GROUPCODE = 'DC' ;

REM +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

REM  QUERY 24

REM  List the total amounts spent per month, ordered by date.

SELECT SUM ( PRICE ) , ISHDATE
FROM COPY
ORDER BY ISHDATE 
WHERE IN_STOCK = 'Y' 
GROUP BY ISHDATE ;

REM +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

REM  QUERY 25

REM  Find out how much money was spent in purchases to each retailer.

SELECT SUM ( PRICE ) , RETACODE
FROM COPY
WHERE IN_STOCK = 'Y' 
GROUP BY RETACODE ;

REM +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

REM  QUERY 26

REM  List all the 'XFIL' issues existing in the DB, ordered according to the 
REM  original numeration, each of the existing issues belonging to the
REM  original edition or to a foreign or later edition.

     SELECT 
          TITLECODE , ISHNUMBER
     FROM 
          COPY
     WHERE 
          ( TITLECODE = 'XFIL' ) 
     AND 
          ( IN_STOCK = 'Y' ) 
UNION
     SELECT 
          TITLECODE , ISHNUMBER
     FROM 
          COPY ALIAS
     WHERE 
          ( TITLECODE = 'XFIL' )
     AND
          ( IN_STOCK = 'N' )
     AND
          EXISTS    (
                         SELECT 
                              *
                         FROM
                              EDITS ALIAS_2
                         WHERE
                              ALIAS_2 . ORIG_CODE = ALIAS_1 . TITLECODE
                         AND
                              ALIAS_2 . ORIG_NO   = ALIAS_1 . ISHNUMBER
                         AND
                              'Y' =  (
                                        SELECT 
                                             IN_STOCK
                                        FROM
                                             COPY
                                        WHERE
                                             TITLECODE = ALIAS_2 . ORIG_CODE
                                        AND
                                             ISHNUMBER = ALIAS_2 . ISHNUMBER
                                     )
                    )
ORDER BY 2
;

REM
REM                             graphic example
REM                             ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
REM            COPY table:                          EDITS table:
REM   +------------------------------+    +-------------------------------+      
REM   |            ...               |    |            ...                |
REM   |   [ XFIL | 416 | Y | ... ]   |    |                               |
REM   |            ...               |    |                               |
REM   |   [ XFAA | 31  | Y | ... ]<----<----<---+--<---+                  |
REM   |                              |    |     ^      ^
REM   |            ...               |    |   [ XFAA | 31 | XFIL | 417 ]  |
REM   |                              |    |                 ^      ^      |
REM   |   [ XFIL | 417 | N | ... ]---->---->---->---->---->-+-->---+      |
REM   |            ...               |    |            ...                |
REM   +------------------------------+    +-------------------------------+
REM
REM
REM   XFIL,416 is included in the answer to the query following the 
REM   conditions specified in the first part of the UNION.
REM   XFIL,417 is included in the answer to the query following the
REM   conditions specified in the second part of the UNION:
REM                 there exists a record in EDITS such that there is
REM                 a present issue that edits XFIL,417
REM

REM +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

E mesmo um exercício proposto :-)

REM  QUERY 27

REM  List all the materials featured more than once in the library. HINT
REM  You should check which books edit previously released material, and
REM  then see which of those coincide. Be careful of verifying that the
REM  IN_STOCK "boolean flag" has a YES ("Y") value.

REM Example:
REM --- COPY contains the following values: 
REM ('UNCX','232','15-AUG-88','N',NULL,NULL,'CLAREMONT','SILVESTRI',NULL);
REM ('UNCX','233','15-SEP-88','N',NULL,NULL,'CLAREMONT','SILVESTRI',NULL);
REM ('UNCX','234','15-SEP-88','N',NULL,NULL,'CLAREMONT','SILVESTRI',NULL);
REM ('XMEA','-','15-NOV-96','Y',251.15405,NULL,'CLAREMONT','SILVESTRI','ECC');
REM --- EDITS contains the following values:
REM ('XMEA','-','UNCX','232');
REM ('XMEA','-','UNCX','233');
REM ('XMEA','-','UNCX','234');

REM *************************************************************************
REM *************************************************************************
REM *************************************************************************

Modelo Entidade-Relaçom (v3.0, October 1997)

Descritores de Relaçons (v3.0, October 1997)

1	[ISSUE] <EDITS> [ ISSUE] [ISSUE] <IS EDITED IN> [ISSUE]	[NÚMERO] <EDITA> [ NÚMERO] [NÚMERO] <É EDITADO EM> [NÚMERO]
2	[ISSUE] <BELONGS TO> [TITLE] [TITLE] <IS COMPOSED OF> [ISSUE]	[NÚMERO] <PERTENCE A> [TÍTULO] [TÍTULO] <COMPOM-SE DE> [NÚMERO]
3	[TITLE] <IS PUBLISHED UNDER> [LABEL]* [LABEL] <PUBLISHES> [TITLE]* *during [EDITION PERIOD]	[TÍTULO] <É PUBLICADO BAIXO> [SELO] * [SELO] <PUBLICA> [TÍTULO]* *durante [PERIODO_DE_EDIÇOM]
4	[LABEL] <IS PART OF> [GROUP] [GROUP] <OWNS> [LABEL]	[SELO] <É PARTE DE> [GRUPO] [GRUPO] <POSSUE> [SELO]
5	[CREATOR] <IS A MEMBER OF> [STUDIO]* [STUDIO] <IS FORMED BY> [CREATOR]* *during [MEMBERSHIP_PERIOD]	[CRIADOR] <É MEMBRO DE> [ESTUDO]* [ESTUDO] <ESTÁ FORMADO POR> [CRIADOR]* *durante [PERIODO_PERTENÇA]
6	[CREATOR] <MANAGES> [STUDIO]* [STUDIO] <IS MANAGED BY> [CREATOR]* *during [MANAGEMENT_PERIOD]	[CRIADOR] <DIRIGE> [ESTUDO]* [ESTUDO] <É DIRIGIDO POR> [CRIADOR]* *durante [PERIODO_DE_DIRECÇOM]
7	[ISSUE] <CREDITS> [CREATOR]* [CREATOR] <IS CREDITED IN> [ISSUE]* *on [LABOUR]	[NÚMERO] <ACREDITA A> [CRIADOR]* [CRIADOR] <É ACREDITADO EM> [NÚMERO]* *por [LABOR]
8	[ISSUE] <PURCHASED FROM> [RETAILER] [RETAILER] <SELLS> [ISSUE]	[NÚMERO] <É ADQUIRIDO DE> [MINORISTA] [MINORISTA] <VENDE> [NÚMERO]

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